영어
프랑스
스페인
러시아
한국
일본발레리안 추출물에는 어떤 활성 성분이 있나요?
Currently, there are few reviews or summaries of research on the chemical composition and physiological activities of Valeriana officinalis. This paper aims to organize and analyze recent domestic and international research progress on Valeriana officinalis, providing a reference basis for future studies on its chemical composition, physiological activities, and comprehensive development. Valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) is the dried root and rhizome of the plant Valeriana officinalis L., belonging to the Valerianaceae family [1]. It has a cold nature, a pungent and bitter taste, and enters the heart and liver meridians. This herb has sedative, anxiolytic, and antispasmodic effects. Clinically, it is primarily used to treat insomnia, palpitations, anxiety, and other conditions associated with nervous system disorders, as well as for anxiety relief and the treatment of gastrointestinal pain [2-3]. It is widely distributed in northwestern and southwestern regions of China, including Chang' 안, 닝시안, 란티안, 산시성의 황롱.
1 형태학과 식별 (Morphology and identification)
Valerian is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Valerianaceae family. It has a thick and short rhizome, fleshy, with numerous fibrous roots that are elongated and branched, and emits a strong aromatic odor. The stem is erect, 50–100 cm tall, cylindrical with multiple purple longitudinal ridges, the nodes slightly protruding, and covered with white hairs. The basal leaves are pinnately deeply lobed. They have long petioles, which wither early or remain as remnants; stem leaves are opposite, odd-pinnately lobed, with 3–15 lobes, the margins having irregular coarse teeth or entire, both surfaces sparsely covered with white short hairs, the veins sunken and convex, the leaf bases flattened and broad, slightly clasping the stem. Flowers bloom in spring and summer, forming dense corymbose inflorescences; bracts are linear, opposite at the base of the flower axis, covered with white short hairs; calyx inconspicuous; corolla tubular, 5-lobed at the apex, white with a red halo, the red halo particularly prominent on the corolla tube; 3stamens; 1 pistil, stigma extending beyond the corolla. Achenes narrow, elongated, and flattened, with a feathery crown at the apex.
V. officinalis L. (V. officinalis L.)는 * 과학 민속 약초 *에 처음 기록된 약초로,"작은 구조","큰 구조","땅에 달라붙는 호랑이","7 마일 향기"(*Shaanxi Herbal *) 로도 알려져 있습니다.*에서Natural Medicinal Plants of the Qinling and Ba Mountains*, its authentic name is “small rescue,” and its commonly used parts are the root and rhizome [4]. Based on the source of the medicinal plant, it is also recorded in *Chinese Materia Medica* and *Comprehensive Dictionary of Chinese Herbal Medicines*. Due to its primary distribution in Shaanxi Province and its extensive coverage, “V. officinalis” serves as the original plant source for medicinal V. officinalis in Shaanxi, making it the primary medicinal variety.
V. officinalis 추출물의 활성 성분 2
신경안정제 역할 추출주로 휘발성 기름 성분 (모노테르펜, 세스키테르펜)을 함유하고 있는데, 뿌리에는 시클로아르테놀과 세스키테르펜이 더 많이 함유되어 있고, 뿌리에는 휘발성 기름의 함량이 더 높다 [5].
2.1 모노테르페네스와 세스키테르페네스
Volatile oils are important compounds in the roots and rhizomes of medicinal Valeriana, with specified minimum content requirements in the European Pharmacopoeia. Michael et al. [6] confirmed the presence of oil droplets in both the external and internal regions of Valeriana roots through histological techniques, optical microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in preliminary experiments. Based on this, fluorescence microscopy was subsequently used to analyze images of the entire root cross-section, revealing a large number of oil droplets (averaging 43% of total oil droplets) located near the root surface. The remaining oil droplets were found in the internal regions (parenchymatous tissue), and their density showed a gradient from the internal to external regions depending on genotype, root thickness, and harvest depth.
약리학적 활동은 주로 monoterpenes에 집중되어 있으며, 화학 성분은 주로 borneol, isoborneol acetate 및 borneol acetate;세스키테르페네스는 상대적으로 더 낮은 양으로 존재하며, 주로 발레리아네인과 가이아콜라네인에 속한다 [7].
Wang et al. [8-9] isolated two new guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids from the roots of Valeriana: valerol A (1) and kessyl 3-acetate (2); and five known compounds: valer-acetate (3), anismol A (4), orientalol C (5), spatulenol (6), and 4α,10α-epoxyaromade-ndrane (7). Additionally, Volvalerenone A (8) was first isolated from Valeriana officinalis, marking the first discovery of a novel tricyclic terpenoid compound with a 5/6/6 ring system. The structural formulas of the components are shown in Figure 1. A total of 34 cycloaromatic terpenoids have been isolated from Valeriana officinalis, including 26 aglycones and 8 glycosides. Most of the triterpenoid glycoside aglycones are triterpenoid triterpenoids (also known as valerian triterpenoids or valerian glycosides), with most glycosides formed by the condensation of the hydroxyl group at the C-11 position with the hydroxyl group at the glucose terminal. The molecular structure contains Δ3(4), Δ5(6) [not Δ7(8)], and a three-membered oxygen-containing ring between C-8 and C-10. Substituents are primarily located at the C-1, C-7, and C-11 positions. The triterpenoids in Valeriana can be further classified into four categories: mono-ene closed-ring, polyene, diene closed-ring, and diene open-ring [10], with their parent nuclei shown in Figure 2.
2. 2 Triterpenoids
지 앙시아 et al. [11]에서 고립 된 tetrahydro-triterpenoids Valeriana:β-sitosterol, 그리고ursolic 산, 우르솔산 유형의 트리테르페노이드입니다.
2. 3 Phenylpropanoids
최근 발레리아나로부터 분리된 페닐프로파노이드 화합물로는 페닐프로파노이드 (phenylpropanoid)와 리그난 (lignans)이 있으며, 대부분 모노옥세판 (monoxepane)과 다이옥세판 (dioxepane)의 종류이다.주오유명 등은 다양한 컬럼 크로마토그래피 방법을 이용하여 6 종의 페닐프로파노이드 화합물을 정제하였다.브리타 등은에 들어있는 리그난 함량을 연구했다methanol extract of Valeriana root and isolated eight lignan compounds. See Tables 1 and 2.
표 1 Phenylpropane 화합물
아니. | 화합물 | 참조 |
1 | 5-methoxyl-9-methyl-coniferol- 9-O- α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside | [12] |
2 | 3-methoxyl-chlorogenic 산 | [12] |
3 | 9-methyl-phenylpropanol-9-O- α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside 4-methoxyl-allyl benzene-7-O- | [12] |
4 | α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside | [12] |
5 | 3-hydroxyl-5-methox-yl - phenylpropionic산-4-O- β-D-glucopyranoside | [12] |
6 | caffeic acid | [12] |
표 2 목질 소 화합물
아니. | 화합물 | 참조 |
1 | olivil-4보지-β-D-glucopyranoside | [13] |
2 | lariciresinol-4, 4' -di-O- β-D-glucopyranoside | [13] |
3 | lariciresinol-4-O-β d- glucopyrano-side | [13] |
4 | pinoresinol-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside | [13] |
5 | 8, 9' -dihydroxypinoresinol-4 ' -O-β-D-glucopyranoside | [13] |
6 | (+)-pinoresinol-4, 4' 보지-β- D-di-glucopyranoside | [14] |
7 | 3'-demethyl-pinoresinol-4, 4' 보지-β-D-di-glucopyranoside | [14] |
8 | (+)-pinoresinol-4-O-β- D-glucopyranoside | [14] |
9 | 5'-methoxyl-pinoresinol-4, 4' 보지-β-D-di-glucopyranoside | [14] |
10 | 8, 8'-dihydroxyl-prinsepiol-4- O-β-D-glucopyranoside | [14] |
11 | 8, 8'-dihydroxyl-prinsepiol-8- O-β-D-glucopyranoside | [14] |
12 | 8-hydroxyl-prinsepiol-4-O- β-D-glucopyranoside | [14] |
13 | 8'-hydroxyl-prinsepiol-4-O- β-D-glucopyranoside | [14] |
14 | 8, 8'-dihydroxyl-prinsepiol | [14] |
15 | (+)-cycloolivil-9-O-β- D-glucopyranoside | [15] |
16 | (+)-cycloolivil-4' 보지-β- D-glucopyranoside | [15] |
17 | (+)-isolariciresinol-9-O- α-L-rhamnopyranoside | [15] |
18 | pinoresinol-4-O-D-glucosideand 리- 서장 님 8' -hydro-xypinoresinol | [16] |
19 | 7, 9' -momoepoxy lignansmas- soniresinol-4' -O-D-glucoside | [16] |
20 | berchemol-4' -O-D-glucoside | [16] |
21 | 8' -hydroxypinoresinol-4 ' -O-D-g-lucoside | [16] |
22 | 8- hydroxypinoresinol-4 ' -O-D- glucoside | [16] |
2. 4 플 라보 노이 드
또한 발레리안은 플라보노이드 화학 성분을 함유하고 있는데, 플라보노이드는 식물의 지상부에서 주로 발견된다.꽃과 과일에 들어있는 플라보노이드 함량은 일반적으로 잎에 들어있는 플라보노이드 함량을 초과한다.Zuo 등은 다양한 크로마토그래피 방법을 이용하여 발레리안으로부터 플라보노이드를 분리, 정제하여 다음과 같은 결과를 확인하였다는 화합물다.표 3을 참조.
표 3 는 화합물
아니. | 화합물 | 참조 |
1 | apigenin-7-O- α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside | [17] |
2 | 6-methyl-apigenin-7-O- α- L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 6) -[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 2)]- β-D-glucopyranoside acacetin-7-O- α-L-rhamnopyranosyl | [17] |
3 | (1 → 6)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside | [17] |
4 | acacetin-7-O- α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside | [17] |
5 | 5-methoxyl-acacetin-7-O- α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside | [17] |
6 | diosmetin-7-O- α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside | [17] |
2. 5 알 칼 로이드
The alkaloids present in Valeriana plants are primarily found in the underground parts of the plant, with a content of approximately 1%. Approximately 19 alkaloids have been isolated from Valeriana, primarily classified into two types: monoterpenoid and apioid. Monoterpenoids include pyridine-type (valeroline, valeranine) and quaternary ammonium-type. Alkaloids in Valeriana are present in low concentrations, and recent reports on the isolation of alkaloids from Valeriana are limited. It is currently believed that the total alkaloids have antibacterial activity, and the roots contain alkaloids such as β-valerine, 8-methoxyactinidine, chatinine, actinidine, isovaleramide, valeriamine, and valeriane [19].
3 생리적 활동
신경계에 미치는 영향 3.1
진정제 3.1.1
Sung et al. [20] reported that Valeriana contains valerian diol and valerian triterpenes. Among these, valerian diol can reduce the excitability of reflexes and smooth muscle spasms, thereby effectively inhibiting the cerebral cortex, making it the active component responsible for Valeriana's 진정 효과.발레리안 트리테르펜은 더 강한 진정작용을 나타낸다.Hyeon 등 (21)은 포유류 동물 모델에서 발레리아나/캐스케이드 혼합물이 수면에 미치는 이로운 영향을 조사하였다.펜토바비탈로 유도된 수면 모델에서 발레리아나, 캐스케이드, 발레리아나/캐스케이드 혼합물은 대조군에 비해 수면까지의 지연 시간을 유의하게 단축시켰고 총 수면 시간을 효과적으로 증가시켰다.타아보니 등 [22]은 50~60세의 여성을 피험자로 선정하였다.실험군과 위약 투여군을 비교한 결과 발레리안이 근위축기 여성의 수면장애 증상을 효과적으로 개선한 것으로 나타났다.황후아빈 등 [23]은 발레리안이 원발성 불면증을 효과적으로 치료할 수 있다고 보고했다.본 연구에서는 발레리안의 혈장 멜라토닌 (MT) 수치 및 일차성 불면증에 대한 효과를 조사하여 그 치료 효과가 혈장 멜라토닌 수치의 증가와 거의 연관이 있음을 발견하였다.
항경련 및 진통효과 3.1.2
Parvaneh 등 [24]은 발레리안이 이질을 효과적으로 치료할 수 있는지 조사하기 위해 100명의 여학생을 피험자로 선정하였다.실험은 기초선과 중재기간 동안 관찰된 모의 채점기준에 따른 평가를 통해 이중맹검설계를 사용하였다.고통의 심각성과 피험자의 신체적 징후 등을 기록함으로써 발레리안이 항경련 효과가 있을 수 있다는 결론이 내려졌다.피실험자들의 자궁 수축을 효과적으로 억제했기 때문에, 이것은 그것을 더욱 증명했다발레리안은 치료 효과가 있습니다[여성학] 여성의 이질성 (dysmenorrhea)에 대하여.
항우 울 제3.1.3
The volatile oil components in Valerian, including Valerianol and Valerianic acid ester, exhibit significant antidepressant activity. Pakseresht et al. [25] found that Valerian has certain antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. Zhao Lihui et al. [26] found that valerian water extracts and alcohol extracts exhibit antidepressant effects. Yan Shuo [27] synthesized a valerian compound formulation with antidepressant properties. By observing the specific manifestations of experimental animals during the experiment, it was found that the valerian compound formulation significantly alleviated depression in experimental animals with few adverse reactions.
항불안 및 항간질 효과 3.1.4
Valerian root extract exhibits anti-anxiety effects. Wang Yanli et al. [28] found that valerian root extract exerts anti-anxiety effects by regulating the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Del et al. [29] used zebrafish as experimental subjects and concluded that valerian acid possesses anti-anxiety effects. The mechanism lies in valerian's의 대사 글루탐산 수용체 I 및 II와 선택적 상호 작용.머피 등 [30]은 발레리안's anxiolytic 효과는 외인성 GABA 수용체를 통해 강화될 수 있으며, valerenic acid는 valerian&를 담당하는 주요 성분입니다#39;의 불안행동이 생쥐에서 유의하게 감소되었다.우보 등 [31]은 발레리안의 휘발성 오일 성분이 모델 쥐의 뇌에서 흥분성 아미노산과 억제성 아미노산 사이의 균형에 작용하여 항간질 효과를 발휘한다는 것을 발견했다.
항경련제, 심혈관 보호, 항암 효과 3.1.5
Mohammad et al. [32] evaluated the effects of Valeriana extract on temporal lobe epilepsy in rats and concluded that it exhibits anticonvulsant effects. Yang Shuhong et al. [33] reported that Valerian extract, when administered as a pretreatment, can protect rat myocardial cells from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Liu Junfeng et al. [34] reported that the volatile components in Valerian have antiarrhythmic effects. The mechanism may involve an unknown component entering the serum in its original form and acting as a serum drug component with antiarrhythmic properties. In vivo experiments using S180 or EAC tumor models in mice, valerian cycloartane terpenoid esters exhibited significant antitumor effects against S180 (solid type) and significantly prolonged the survival time of EAC-induced ascites cancer mice [35].
항균 및 항바이러스 효과 3.2
왕 등 [36]이 그것을 발견하였다발레리안 에센셜 오일 (Valerian essential oil)전시품 broad-spectrum 항균 활동, 최소 억제와 농도 (마이크) 값에 이르기까지 널리에서 62. 5 μ g/mL를 400 μ g/mL, 그리고 IC ₅ ₀ 값 에서부터 36.93 μ g/mL를 374.72 μ g/mL.또한 Candida albicans 성장에 대해 적당한 항진균 활성을 나타내었으며 Magnaporthe oryzae 포자의 발아억제 효과를 나타내었다.시험관 실험에서 발레리안의 성분이 항바이러스 활성을 담당하는 활성 성분일 수 있으며, 발레리안의 항로타바이러스 활성을 부여한다.
간 보호 및 신보호 효과 3.3
Xu Shali et al. [37] found in a Wistar rat model of liver damage induced by a high-cholesterol, high-fat, and high-sugar diet that Valeriana extract increased total bile acid (TBA) content in bile, improved the TBA/total cholesterol (TC) ratio, reduced serum TBA concentration, and significantly alleviated liver damage. Chen Ling et al. [38] found that Valerian oil effectively improved kidney damage in type 2 diabetic rats, reduced proteinuria, and delayed kidney function damage. Their effects were associated with lipid-lowering, antioxidant properties, and inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) activation in the renal cortex.
3.4 그 밖의 효과
Valerian has antioxidant properties, In a study comparing the free radical scavenging activity, reducing capacity, and total antioxidant activity of its extracts, the highest and lowest activities were observed in water and acetone extracts. The 80% methanol extract exhibited the highest activity in reducing capacity and free radical scavenging activity measurements [39]. Sung et al. [20] reported that Valeriana root extract and Valerian acid enhance cognitive function in aged mice. Dorian et al. [40] aimed to assess whether the standardized extract (SE) of Valeriana officinalis has muscle relaxant effects by reducing skeletal muscle strength and/or neuromuscular tension in mice. This study provided evidence supporting the muscle relaxant effects of Valeriana officinalis extract on skeletal muscle.
향신료로서의 응용 4
Valerian has also found widespread application in daily life, primarily in tobacco and food products. Valerian essential oil, derived from its roots and rhizomes, is a key ingredient in the formulation of high-quality tobacco flavorings and is widely used in the tobacco industry as an important spice. Valerian serves as an excellent raw material for essential oil production and is extensively utilized in food products, as well as a valuable perfume and fragrance ingredient in the perfume industry. Valerian essential oil, prepared through processing, is easy to manufacture with simple equipment, a straightforward production process, and is easy to operate and process [41].
5 결론
Valerian contains a large number of active components and exhibits diverse pharmacological effects, which has attracted increasing attention from researchers studying its pharmacological activities. These studies are primarily divided into two aspects: first, as a traditional medicinal plant, valerian contains a wealth of chemical components. By summarizing and organizing relevant literature from recent years, the latest isolated single compounds have been identified, with volatile oil components and cycloartenol derivatives being the most frequently reported. while reports on alkaloids are relatively scarce. In the isolation of single compounds, research has primarily focused on specific extraction sites rather than systematic isolation from all parts. The omission of certain extraction sites may result in an incomplete characterization of their components. The other aspect is the study of physiological activities, with recent years seeing more in-depth research on pharmacological mechanisms, primarily concentrated on the nervous system, antibacterial effects, and liver protection. However, studies on the activity and mechanisms of single compounds isolated from Valeriana are limited, primarily focusing on crude extracts. The physiological activities of some single compounds remain unclear, and the material basis for their pharmacological activities has not been clearly elucidated. Further research is needed to strengthen the study of single active components and their mechanisms.
Additionally, Valeriana officinalis is commonly used as a spice in the tobacco and food industries, primarily as a health supplement and flavoring agent. However, there are few research-based formulations developed from Valeriana officinalis. Therefore, it is essential to conduct comprehensive research on the active components and pharmacological effects of Valeriana officinalis, and based on this, develop effective formulations to uncover its potential market value. The medicinal value and special applications of Valeriana officinalis require further investigation.
참조
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[5] 자오팅.연구논문:산시성 [D] 발레리아나 추출물과 발레리아나의 생물학적 활성 (Biological activity of Valeriana extract and Valeriana from Shaanxi Province [D])Xi' 안:노스웨스트대학교, 2012.
[6] 펜즈코퍼 M, 바론 A, 나우만 A 외.조직학적 영상기법을 이용한 Valeriana officinalis L.s.l.의 뿌리 단면에서의 에센셜 오일 분포 특성 (J.식물공법, 2018, 14 (1):41.
[7] 쉬진리, 류용, 샤오페이겐 등.연구논문:발레리아나 식물의 화학성분과 약리학적 효과 (J.외국의학 · 식물의학, 2003, 18 (6):231-239.
[8] 왕 PC, 란 XH, 첸 R 등이 있다.Valeriana officinalis L [J]의 뿌리에서 세스키테르페노이드와 리그난.화학이다.「 바이오다이버즈 」, 2011, 8 (10):1908-1913.
[9] 왕 PC, 란 XH, 첸 R 등이 있다.Valeriana officinalis [J]에서 유래 없는 3,12 옥소 가교를 가진 새로운 형태의 모노노세스키테르페노이드인 볼발레레논 A.팔면체 편지, 2010, 51 (41):5451-5453.
[10] 장젠수, 야오신성.Valeriana officinalis[J]의 화학 연구 진행.Chinese Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2000 (3):226.
[11] 장하, 장잔차오, 류연원.Valeriana officinalis[J]의 화학성분.한약재, 2007, 30 (11):1391-1393.
[12] 주오여밍, 연환, 장종리.Valerian [J]의 Phenylpropanoid 화학성분에 관한 연구.시젠구오지궈야오, 2017, 28 (7):1545-1546.
[13] 주오여밍, 장종리, 장지샹.발레리안 [J]의 화학 성분.한약재, 2012, 43 (7):1091-1092.
[14] 주오여밍, 연환, 장종리.디 히드 록시-2,3-디 히드로-2h-1-벤조 피란-3-카르 복실 산 에스테르와 함께 발레리안의 화학 성분 [J].Chinese Herbal Medicines, 2017, 40 (7):1607-1608.
[15] 주오여밍, 왕야팡, 장종리 외.연구논문:발레리아나의 lignan 화학성분에 관한 연구 (Study on lignan chemical components in Valeriana)한약재, 2018, 41 (5):1091-1094.
[16] 브리타 S, 실케 S, 요제프 H 등.Lignans Isolated from Valerian:Identification and Characterization of a New Olivil Derivative with Partial Agonistic Activity at a (1) Adenosine Receptors [J]. 「 the New Olivil 」. 「 Lignans Isolated from Valerian:Identification and characteristics of a New Olivil Derivative with Partial Agonistic Activity at a (1) Adenosine Receptors 」.천연물학회지 2002, 65 (10):1479-1485.
[17] 주오여밍, 서유안리, 장종리.Valeriana officinalis의 flavonoid 화학성분에 관한 연구 (J.한약재, 2017 (6):1331-1332.
[18] 딩페이.Valerian [D]의 진정제 및 불안용해 활성 화합물과 품질 기준에 관한 연구.우한:후베이 한의과대학, 2012.
[19] 호우미 안장.한약재 추출물 [M.북경:중국제약과학기술출판사, 2004:254-255.
[20] 남 SM, 최 JH, 유디 외.Valeriana officinalis 추출물 및 주성분인 valerenic acid는 corticosterone 수치와 지질과산화를 감소시킴으로써 D-galactose-induced memory, 세포증식 및 신경blast 분화의 감소를 개선시킨다 [J].Exp Gerontol, 2013, 48 (11):1369-1377.
[21] 최 HS, 홍 KB, 한 SH 외.발레리안/캐스케이드 혼합물은 설치류 모델에서 NREM (non-rapid eye movement)을 증가시킴으로써 수면을 촉진한다 [J].Biomed Pharmacother, 2018 (99):912-920.
[22] Taavoni S, Haghani H. Valerian/Lemon balm 사용 갱년기 수면장애 [J.보완 Ther Clin Pract, 2013, 19 (4):193-196.
[23] 황후빈, 샤룽, 완중시안.발레리안이 원발성 불면증의 효능과 내인성 혈장 멜라토닌 수치에 미치는 영향.아시아-태평양 전통의학 (Asia-Pacific Traditional Medicine), 2013, 9 (3):4-6.
[24] Mirabi P, Dolatian M, Mojab F. 발레리안이 이환의 심각성 및 전신 징후에 미치는 영향 (J.Int J Gynecol Obstet, 2011, 115 (3):285-288.
[25] Pakseresht S, Boostani H, Sayyah M. Extract of valerian root (Valeriana officinalis L.) vs placebo in treatment of obsobs-
강박장애:무작위 이중맹검 연구.대한상보통합의학회지 2011, 8 (1):1553-3840.
자오리후이 장예지 한더밍 등 中韓 스타 스타 총정리 (26)valerian alcohol 추출물과 물 추출물 성분의 생쥐에 대한 항우울제 효과 (J.정저우대학 (의학판), 2012, 47 (1):47-49.
[27] 양수.인삼, 발레리안, 오메가 3의 복합제제의 항우울제 효과에 관한 연구 (Study on the Antidepressant Effects of a Compound Preparation of 인삼, 발레리안, 오메가 3 [D])청두:중국전자과학기술대학교, 2012.
[28] 왕연리, 류용, 쉬풀리 외.valerenic acid의 걱정 용해 효과와 그 기작에 대한 기초 조사 [J.중국약리학회지 2011, 27 (4):501-504.
[29] Del VM, Lisa M, Ortiz J. 「 Anxiolytic properties of Valeriana officinalis in the zebrafish:a possible role for metabotropic glutamate receptors 」 (J.Planta Med, 2012, 78 (16):1719-1724.
[30] Murphy K, Kubin ZJ, Shepherd JN 등.Valeriana officinalis 뿌리 추출물은 실험용 쥐에서 강력한 근심 용해 효과가 있다 [J].Phytomedicine, 2010, 17 (8):674.
[31] 우보, 푸유메이, 황아이화 외.Valeriana officinalis essential oil이 pentylenetetrazole-induced epileptic rats의 해마에서 C-aminobutyric acid와 glutamic acid 농도에 미치는 영향 (J.한국전통서양의학학회지, 2008, 26 (11):2476-2477.
[32] 레즈바니 ME, Roohbakhsh A, Allahtaavakoli M, 그 외.amygdala-kindled 쥐에서 Valeriana officinalis 수용액 추출물의 항경련 효과:adenosine [J]의 개입 가능성.한국민족약리학회지, 2010, 127 (2):313-318.
[33] 양수홍, 천팡, 마홍매 외.Valeriana officinalis 추출물 전처리가 쥐의 심근허혈-재관류 손상에 대한 보호효과 [J.무한대학 논문집 2012, 33(5):639-643.
[34] 류준풍, 방영, 공잔풍 등.부제:Preliminary study on the serum pharmacochemistry of the active components of Valerian against arrhythmia [J]한국후베이한의학회지 2013, 35 (12):72-73.
[35] 장수친, Xue Cunkuan, 허슈빈 등.생쥐 이식종양에 대한 valerian ringene terpene ester의 항암효과 (J.중국병원약국학회지 2010 (12):1008.
[36] Wang J, Zhao J, Liu H 등이 있다.연구논문:중국산 (Nardostachys chinensis)과 (Valeriana officinalis) 두 종의 에센셜 오일의 화학적 분석 및 생물학적 활성 (J.「 분자 」, 2010, 15 (9):6411.
[37] 수 샬리,리 중밍,리 하니 외.연구논문:Valeriana 추출물이 담즙산 대사와 간 손상에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구 (Experimental study on the effects of Valeriana extract on bile acid metabolism and liver injury)의약품 가이드, 2011, 30 (3):298-301.
[38] 천링, 지아루한, 딩궈화 등.valerian oil의 제2 형 당뇨병 쥐의 신장 보호 효과 및 그 기전 고찰 (J.Chinese Journal of Nephrology, 2003, 19 (3):168-169.
[39] Adel Pilerood S, Prakash J. 보령 (Echium amoenum)과 발레리안 (Valerian officinalis) [J]의 영양조성 및 항산화 활성 평가.한국식품과학회지, 2014, 51 (5):845-846.
[40] 도리안 C, 이사벨 G, 오데 L 외.Valeriana officinalis L.의 표준화 추출물의 급성투여후 골격근 이완제 효과 (J.대한전통보완의학학회지, 2018, 8 (2):335-340.
[41] 위귀민, 리더원, 왕쉐밍.부제:Research progress on Valeriana officinalis [J.농업기술서비스, 2016 (12):19-20.
