레몬밤 추출물의 이점은 무엇인가요?

멜리 사officinalisL, also known as lemon balm, is a perennial herb 에서이family Lamiaceae. The erect, much branched stem is pilose, becoming glabrous towards the base. The leaves are petiolate, with slender petioles, 그리고have ovate-orbicular blades with crenate or obtuse serrate margins 그리고nearly cordate bases. There are 4 pairs 의lateral veins, reticulate veins are obvious on the upper surface, the midrib is nearly flat on the upper surface and raised on the lower surface. The umbels are axillary, with short pedicels, 2–14-flowered, and the bracts are small and leaflike. The calyx is campanulate, with a long spinose apex. Pedicel ca. 4 mm, villous. Corolla creamy white, 12–13 mm long, pilose. Upper lip straight, apex emarginate, lower lip 3-lobed. Flowering period: June–August.

Melissa officinalisis a robust plant that is extremely easy to cultivate and manage. Unlike other western medicinal herbs or aromatic plants introduced 에서temperate zones, it prefers moist soil and is cold, heat and water tolerant. It grows well 에서full sun or partial shade, has a wi드range 의soil adaptability, and is most suitable for a pH between 5 and 7.5. Melissa officinalis is quite adaptable to soil environments 에서various climates. It can be cultivated 에서fields, gardens and pots. Its stems and leaves are lush and dark green in color, and it has a strong fragrance.

Melissa officinalis originated in southern Europe and North America. It is mainly distributed in Mediterranean countries, including coastal areas 의Turkey and northern Iran. It has also been cultivated in China. In the eleventh century, Arab herbalists believed that Melissa officinalis had the magical power to refresh the mind and soul. Melissa officinalis was often planted around churches or temples in ancient Europe, attracting bees to make honey for sacrificial purposes. Melissa officinalis is used for a variety of purposes, such as food additives, herbal teas, ingredients in cosmetics, decorations and medicines. When encountering insect bites or wounds, the fresh leaves Melissa officinalis의can be directly applied to the affected area to reduce swelling and pain; dried leaves can be made into medicinal pillows to help with sleep. It is currently widely used in medicine and pharmacology, with sedative, anti-anxiety, anti-tumor, antibacterial, anti-histamine, anti-oxidant, anti-ulcer, mood regulation and cognitive performance effects.

1 레몬밤 추출 활성 성분

1. 1 플 라보 노이 드

레몬밤 추출물 contains flavonoids including quercetin, rhamnetin, luteolin, etc. Free radicals are normal metabolic products in the body. When they are out of balance in the body, they may lead to many diseases such as inflammation, aging, cancer, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Flavonoids have a good scavenging effect on free radicals. Liu Shuang et al. [1, 2] and others have all experimentally demonstrated that quercetin, after being absorbed, indirectly or directly exerts an antioxidant effect in the body. It has been experimentally proven [3] that rhamnetin has a direct inhibitory effect on six tumor strains, including L1210, P388D1, HeLa, B16, NG108-15 and Hele7404. it was determined that luteolin has a certain in vitro antitumor effect. Wang Jishuang [4] and others believe that luteolin not only inhibits tumor cell proliferation, but also has a protective effect on the nervous system. In addition, luteolin also has anti-inflammatory and liver protection effects.

폴리페놀성 화합물 1.2

레몬밤 추출물 추출물에는 다음과 같은 다양한 폴리페놀이 풍부합니다rosmarinic 산, caffeic acid 및 protocatechuic acid.Zhou Dan [5]과 다른 사람들은 rosmarinic acid 가 종양, 염증, 알츠하이머 &에 좋은 치료 효과가 있다는 결론을 내렸다#39, s 병과 기타 질병.카페인산은 천연 페놀성 화합물로 과일이나 채소에 많이 함유되어 있다.DPPH, ABTS 활성산소를 제거하는 능력이 매우 높고, 철 이온에 대한 환원력도 강하다.Protocatechuic acid는 파킨슨 &의 뇌 조직에 대한 병적 손상을 줄이고 개선 할 수 있습니다#39;s 병 모델 생쥐, 내인성 항산화 효소의 활성을 증가시키고 [7] 활성산소의 생성을 감소시켜 신경 보호 효과를 발휘함.

1. 3 Terpenoids

레몬밤 추출물 추출also contains monoterpenal, monoterpenoid, terpene, sesquiterpene and other compounds [8]. At present, the application of Melissa officinalis chemical composition mainly focuses on Melissa officinalis essential oil. Melissa officinalis essential oil can be obtained from various parts of Melissa officinalis by using different extraction methods. The six main components of Melissa officinalis essential oil are citronellal (14. 40%), isoeugenol (6. 40%), geranyl acetate (10. 20%), nerol (5. 10%), caryophyllene (8. 10%), and caryophyllene oxide (11 %), accounting for 55. 20% of the total essential oil [9].

2 약리학적 효과

2.1 항 지방 조직 형성

종양 조직과 유사하게 지방 조직의 성장과 발육은 혈관 생성 의존적인 것으로 간주된다.Melissa officinalis 유기 추출물ALS-L1023은 지방 조직 혈관의 성장을 억제할 수 있습니다.정준기 씨 [10] 등은 열량 섭취에 영향을 주지 않고 ALS-L1023과 병용한 고지방 식이 (HF D), C57BL/6J마우스는 체중 감소, 복부 혈당 저하, 혈청 ALT 및 AST 수치 저하, 내장 지방 조직의 혈관 성장 억제, 지질 대사 개선 등의 효과를 보였다.또한 ALS-L1023은 내장지방세포의 평균 크기를 감소시키고, 지방 퇴화를 억제하였으며, 비만 생쥐에서 지방을 현저히 감소시켰다.또한 ALS-L1023은 cd-68 양성 대식세포의 수와 염증성 사이토카인의 발현 수준도 감소시켰다.이는 Melissa officinalis 추출물이 혈관 성장 억제제로서 비만과 같은 질병의 발생 및 발생에 치료적 역할을 할 수 있음을 나타낸다.

진정성 및 항불안성 우울증 2.2

Experimental studies have shown [11] that by establishing a mouse depression model [12-14], using sucrose water consumption experiments, open field experiments, and forced swimming experiments, it was found that after CUMS stimulation, the 행동of mice was assessed, and it was found that the essential oil and acetone water extracts of Melissa officinalis leaf both increased the number of spontaneous activities of mice and increased their interest in things. Mice given the petroleum ether extract were more active and more active. This indicates that Melissa officinalis extract has a definite antidepressant effect and a stronger antidepressant effect. GABA is an important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system of mammals and is currently an important target for research on sedation, anti-anxiety and antidepressant effects.

Rosmarinic acid, one of the active ingredients in Melissa officinalis extract, has been shown in experiments [15] to inhibit GABA transaminase and inhibit the degradation of GABA, thereby increasing the concentration of GABA in the brain and having an anti-anxiety and sedative effect. In addition, two other main components of Melissa officinalis, caffeic acid and citral [16-18], have been shown in experiments to have anti-anxiety effects. In the forced swimming test, citral can significantly reduce the total immobility time of mice, and can reduce the total immobility time in synergy with imipramine. Some effective components of Melissa officinalis also have the effect of protecting neurons. They protect the nervous system by inhibiting the activity of cholinesterase in the synaptic cleft [19] and increasing the activity and content of ACh. Melissa officinalis extract can protect 반대methylene-dioxy-methamphetamine-induced apoptosis of hippocampal primary neuronal cells, through its strong antioxidant properties and inhibition of MAO. Melissa officinalis can therefore be used as an antidepressant and neuroprotective agent to relieve stress, improve psychological mood, regulate cognitive performance, and prevent neurodegenerative diseases [20].

2. 3 Antitumor

Alviano DS [21] and others used the MTT method to conduct an in vitro cytotoxicity test and found that Melissa officinalis extract has a good inhibitory effect on a series of human cancer cell lines (A549, MCF-7, Caco-2 cells, HL-60, K562) and mouse cell lines (B16F10) have a good inhibitory effect, indicating the potential use of Melissa officinalis as a tumor suppressor. Jahanban-Esfahlan A [22] and others used the MTT method to detect the cytotoxic effect of the extract and conducted selective anti-cancer experiments on Melissa officinalis extracts in different human cancer cells.

The results showed that even at the lowest dose (5–1000 μg·mL-1), Melissa officinalis extract reduced the survival rate of all cancer cells to below 33%. It was also found that the average tumor inhibition rates of SKOV3, MCF-7, PC-3, A549 4 kinds of cells, the average tumor inhibition rate reached 73.1%, 86.7%, 79.9%, 77.8% respectively. The experimental results show that Melissa officinalis water extract has a high inhibitory effect on tumor cell proliferation, regardless of its dose size. This indicates that the optimal biological dose of Melissa officinalis as a tumor inhibitor is more important than the maximum tolerated dose. In addition, hormone-dependent cancers are more sensitive to Melissa extracts, suggesting that Melissa has specificity in antitumor activity.

2.4 항산화제의 특성

Medicinal plants rich in polyphenolic compounds are widely used for their good antioxidant properties. Safaeian L[ 23] and others found that H2O2-induced human venous endothelial cells treated with Melissa officinalis extract can significantly improve cell viability, reduce the concentration of peroxides, and improve the antioxidant capacity of intracellular and extracellular fluids.

Rosmarinic acid, the main active ingredient in Melissa officinalis extract, is an antioxidant. Experiments have shown that [24] giving medium to high doses of rosmarinic acid can significantly reduce malondialdehyde levels and serum triglyceride levels, thereby increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the body, and that there is a dose-response relationship with increasing doses of rosmarinic acid. Under hypoxic conditions, the body experiences an imbalance in free radical metabolism, enhanced lipid peroxidation, and a decrease in antioxidant capacity. The results of the experiment showed that medium and high doses of rosmarinic acid can increase the time that aging mice can withstand hypoxia under normal pressure.

작용 메커니즘은 rosmarinic acid 가 body&를 감소시키는 것일 수 있습니다#39;의 산소 소비, 그리고 산소 활성산소의 생산은 그 후에 감소됩니다.몸이 강할수록 '의 항산화 능력으로, 항노화 [25] 라는 치료 목표를 달성하는데 효과적일수록 효과적이다.

Rosmarinic acid also has anti-angiogenic activity, can reduce the expression of H2O2-dependent vascular endothelial growth factor, and can inhibit endothelial cell oxidation of low-density lipoprotein [26], reduce the release of IL-8 from endothelial cells, and inhibit the proliferation, migration, and adhesion of endothelial cells [27]. In addition, caffeic acid, another antioxidant in Melissa officinalis extract [28], may improve cellular resistance to 산화스트레스by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and reducing glutathione depletion [29]. Due to its strong antioxidant activity, Melissa officinalis extract has potential benefits for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases associated with oxidative stress.

2. 5 항균

Natural essential oils are obtained from various parts of plants and are highly effective active antibacterial agents. The widespread use of antibacterial drugs has seriously affected the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment. The use of herbs is a preventive measure against treatment failures due to a lack of sensitivity to synthetic antibiotics. Experiments have shown that the compounds in Melissa officinalis essential oil that exert an antibacterial effect are citral, citronellal and trans-caryophyllene. Melissa officinalis essential oil exhibits a high degree of antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and is also highly active against Candida albicans. Canadanovi et al. found that Melissa officinalis n-butanol extract높은 지질과산화물 소거 활성과 hydroxyl 라디칼 소거 활성을 가지고 있었다.Melissa officinalis petroleum ether와 ethyl acetate 추출물은 Streptococcus mutans에 대한 항균활성이 좋고, chloroform 추출물은 He La 세포와 MCF-7세포에 대한 항증식 효과가 있다.이는 Melissa officinalis 추출물이 높은 페놀성 함량과 활성산소소거능, 항균활성 및 항증식활성을 나타낸다.

2. 6 Anti-ulcer

Saber i A[30] et al. established a rat gastric ulcer model and found that Melissa officinalis formaldehyde extract can significantly reduce the ulcer index and the MDA level in rat serum. The mechanism by which Melissa officinalis formaldehyde extract protects the gastric mucosa may be through regulating the expression levels of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and GPX, or by reducing the MDA level, which are biochemical indicators that affect cell damage and lipid peroxidation. In addition, the natural antioxidant ingredients in Melissa officinalis formaldehyde extract, such as vitamin E, rosmarinic acid, and flavonoids, can also reduce the total amount and acidity of gastric acid and increase the pH of gastric juice. This indicates that Melissa officinalis extract may achieve an anti-ulcer therapeutic effect by mediating antioxidant properties.

3 결론

멜리사 오피날리스 (Melissa officinalis)는 다양한 응용이 가능한 민초로서 높은 약효를 증명하고 있다.최근 Melissa officinalis essential oil은 임상 항암, 항산화 및 항균 활성에서 독특한 장점을 보여의 치료 특성을 충분히 부각시키고 있습니다한의학다.그러나 현재 Melissa officinalis의 화학적 조성과 임상적 치료와 관련된 연관성 및 작용기전에 대한 연구가 부족한 실정이므로, Melissa officinalis의 화학적 조성과 약리학적 연구에 대한 연구와 논의가 지속적으로 이루어져 Melissa officinalis의 약효적 가능성을보다 효과적으로 탐색할 수 있는 과학적 근거가 마련되어야 할 것이다.

참조

[1] 류루이, 멍팡, 바이후이.LDL의 산화적 변형에 대한 quercetin, rutin 및 puerarin의 저해효과에 대한 연구 (J.대한한의학회지 2007, 32 (19):2085-2062.

자오라이팅, 궈창장, 카이동리안 외.quercetin 보충이 쥐 말초혈액의 항산화계에 미치는 영향.무장경찰의대논문집 2009, 18 (4):269-279.

[3] 손주안, 유시춘.quercetin [J]의 연구 진행.현대중국의학연구와 실천, 2011, 25(3):85-87.

[4]Wang J S, He Y, Hua Z C 등이 있다.luteolin [J]의 약리학적 효과에 대한 연구 진행.생명과학, 2013, 25(6):561-564.

[5]Zhou D, Liu A, Du G. rosmarinic acid [J]의 약리학적 연구 진행.중국신약학회지, 2011, 20(7):594-597.

[6] 팬 J, 케이 X, 풍 X 등.caffeic acid의 in vitro 항산화 활성에 관한 연구.한국식품과학회지 2015, 15(3):66-71.

장서리, 리야첸, 니우신화 외 7명.protocatechuic acid 가 Parkinson&의 뇌조직의 항산화능에 미치는 영향#39;s 병 모델 생쥐 [J].현대 생물의학의 발전, 2011, 17(12):3249-3251.

[8] Sofowor 한 A, Ogunbodede  E, Onayade a. 역할 and  장소 of  약용 식물 in  the  전략 질병 예방을 위해 [J.Afr J Tradit Complement Alter n Med.,2013,(10):210-229.

[9]Gurck L,DubravskaR,Mikl ovicova.의 경작의 경제학 샐  officinalis    and   Melissa   officinalis다 [J다]Agric다.경제학.체코다., 2005,51:348-356.

[10] Jeongi 유엔 김, 혜림리, Jonghoon 임 씨는다.이 혈관 신생 억제 하거나   ALS-L1023   from  레몬-연고 잎   의 조절을 통해 고지방 식이로 유발된 비알코올성 지방간 질환을 약화시킨다 isceral 지방-조직 Fu-nction[J].Internation al Journal of Molecular Sciences,2017,18(4):864.

[11] 지소 연 자양이다.Melissa officinalis [D]의 화학적 조성과 항우울제 효과에 관한 연구.신 향:신 향 의과대학, 2016.

[12]Petit-Demouli er e B,Chenu F,Bouri n m. 강제 수영 테스트 in  쥐: 항우울제 활동 [J]에 대한 고찰.「 사이코드라마학 」,2005,177(3):245~255.

[13]Slattery다,Cryan J F. Using the rat forced swimtest to assess an- ti 우울제-설치류 [J]와 같은 활동.자연 프로토콜, 2012년 7 (6): 1009-1014.

[14] 손시광, 류잔, 루얀 외.쿤밍 쥐의 우울증에 대한 강제수영검사와 꼬리현수검사의 상관관계 (Correlation between the forced swimming test and tail suspension test for depression in Kunming mouse)Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2014, 28 (1):107-111.

[15] 바이첼 C, 페테르센 메트 외.ros의 Cloning과 특성- [생물학] marinic acid synthase fromMelissa officinalis L[J.Phytochemistry, 201l, 72 (7): 572-578.

[16] 케네디 , 좀 해 W,하 스 켈 CF et al. 안시올 ytic 효과 s of  Melissa officinalis와 Valeri ana officinalis의 합성어로 실험실에서 유발된 스트레스 [J.Phytother Res.,2006,20(2):96-102.

[17] 데이비드 O. 케네디, 웬디 리틀, 크리스탈 F 하스켈, 앤드루 b. 멜리사 오피날리스와 발레리 아나의 조합의 스콜리 안시올 ytic 효과 s officinalis  동안 실험실 스트레스 [J] 유도 해 냈다. Phytotherapy Research,2006,8(20):96-102.

[18]. Soodi  M, Naghdi N, Hajimehdi 불쌍 한  H, et  nave와 scopolamine에서 Melissa officinalis 추출물의 기억력 개선 활성-  쥐 [J] 치료를 받았다.약학연구,2014,9(2):107.

[19]Taher pour A,Maroof i H,Rafi e Z, 외 화학성분 anal-  HS/SPME method and calculation of the biophysicochemical,Iran에 의한 the essential oil ofMelissa officinalis L. fromKurdistan의 ysi s  t he 성분 [J]의 계수 s.천연물연구,2012, 26(2):152-160.

[20]Lin S H,Chou ML 체, n WC, 기타 Amedicinal 허 브, 멜리 사 officinalis l. 감면 우울처럼- behavior  of  쥐 in  규제를 통한 강제 수영 테스트.이 serotonergic neurotrans- mitter다 [J다]한국민족약리학회지,2015,175:266-272.

[21] de  수자 AC1, Alviano DS, 빈 13, Gatt 엉덩이 CR, et al. Melissa officinalis L. essential oil:항종양 및 항산화 활성 [J.J. PharmPharmacol,2004,56(5):677-81.[22] Jahanban-Esfahlan A, Modaeinama  S, Jahanban-Esfahlan R,et al. Anti proliferation at ive Properties of Melissa officinalis. (연구논문 인간 (人間)의 암 셀 s  [J]다.아시아 Pac J  암 Prev다.,2015,16 (14):5703-7.

[23]Leil a Safaeian,Seyyed Ebr ahimSajj adi,Fariba Samani,et al. Protecti ve effect of Melissa officinalis  extract  against  H2O2-유도 사람의 혈관내세포에서의 산화스트레스 [J].Res Pharm Sci. (영어).2016년, 11 (5): 383-389.

[24] 왕홍, 류민, 구자형 등.D-galactose-induced aging mouse에 대한 rosmarinic acid의 항산화 효과에 관한 연구.Chinese Journal of Gerontology, 2009, (5):549-551.

[25] 장홍권, 유원신.중국 노화 방지 의학 [M].북경:과학출판사, 2000.94-103다.

[26] 피어슨다, 프랑켈 엔, 아이슈바흐 R, 독일어 JB. 억제의 endotheli al cell-로즈마리와 식물에 의한 저밀도 지단백의 매개 산화 phenolics다 [J다]j. Agric음식 화학이다.,1997,45:578-582.

[27] 황 SS, 정 RL.Rosmarinic acid는 s 혈관 생성과 체외에서 작용의 기계성을 억제한다 [J].암 Let t. 2006;239:271-280.

[28]리 PG Xu J W,Ikeda K,Kobayakawa A,Kayano Y,Mitani T,et al. Caffeic acid는 strokeprone spontaneous hypertensive rats에서 angiotensin II에 의해 유도된 혈관 평활근 세포 증식을 억제한다.Hyper tens Res.,2005,28:369-377.

[29] 나르디니 MPisu P,Gentil i V,Natell a F,Di Felice M,Piccol ella E, et. (프랑스어) 알다. 효과 caffeic의 tert에 산-하지만 yl hydroperoxide-유도 oxidative  stress  in  U937다 [J다]무료 길 건너 Biol다.의학,1998,25:1098-1105.

[30] 검나는 A, 압바스 루에, 세페리 G, Yazdanpanah M, 미 르 kamandari E,Sheibani V,Safi Z. Melissa officinalis의 Methanol ic 추출물의 효과 쥐의 실험적인 위궤양에 대하여 [J.이란 붉은 Crescent Med. J.,2016,18(7):e24271.